| Sustainability Model | Summary | Environmental Approach to Sustainability (Resource Use) | Economic Approach to Sustainability (Growth) | Social Approach to Sustainability (Distribution, Power, Justice) | Further Information or Tools | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Change |
Redistribute |
Reduce |
Agnostic |
Priority |
Post |
Employment |
Environmental |
Social |
Historical |
Global |
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| DOUGHNUT ECONOMICS | ‘Safe and just operating space’ defines maximum natural resource use and a minimum social foundation (standard of human welfare) 9 Planetary Boundaries1 from Stockholm Resilience Centre define upper limit. Minimum foundation includes 12 social goods such as water, education, political voice and social equity. |
Check | Check | Check | Check | Check | Check | Check | Reconnect to the biosphere2 Doughnut Economics concepts3 | ||||
| GREEN GROWTH | Economic growth prioritised and assumed to drive positive social or political outcomes. Seeks new technologies, market-based solutions and ‘Green Deal’ style investments to find new avenues for economic growth. Switch from fossil fuels to new resources for example, renewables. |
Check | Check | Green tech can foster green growth5 | |||||||||
| JUST TRANSITION | Decent work and good quality of life are core aims. Aims to encompass different needs (such as those based on gender, race, disability) alongside economic justice. Participation and consultation in energy transition planning, technology development and implementation considered essential for good outcomes. |
Check | Check | Check | Check | Climate Justice Instructional Toolkit (includes Engineering and Nat Sciences specific materials) | |||||||
| DE- AND POST- GROWTH | Assumes ecological limits have or will soon be breached – growth no longer possible. Consumption must decrease. Policy and technology should be premised on new concepts of prosperity including human welfare, conservation and regeneration of nature and collectivisation of wealth or goods. |
Check | Check | Check | Check | Check | Check | Check | Degrowth: a socially and ecologically just alternative? | ||||
| VULNERABILITY AND EMPOWERMENT | Emphasises historical, global asymmetries in responsibility for environmental degradation. Centres or empowers marginalised groups. Solutions based on post- or anti-capitalist approach. Indigenous or regenerative environmental management knowledge as key resources. Can include multi species justice. |
Check | Check | Check | Check | Check | Radical Interpretation of Disasters and Risk Research Manifesto | ||||||